smith



(Nomaden) B. P. SMITH 8v A. E. SHATTUCK.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patented May 31, 1887'.

limi, lun

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BRAINARD F. SMITH, OF SACRAMENTO, AND ARTHUR E. SHATTUCK, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

meme-MACHINE.

vSPE'.CIFI-CA'IION forming part of Letters Patent 1\To.363,9`72l dated May 31, 1887.

Serial No. 205,158. (No model.)

by means of suitable levers; and our invention consists in the combination of the spring-actuated wheels, the pivoted keys, and theratchet and escapement-pawl mechanism, which we shall hereinafter fully claim.

The object of our invention is to reduce a long column of figures to a short one.

Referring to the-accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation ofA our invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view of our adding` machine, looking from the front of one side, a portion of the casing being broken away. Fig. 2 is a perspective view, looking from the back of the other side. Fig. 3 is a detail of the escapement.

A is a bed, having near its rear end the standards a, between which is mounted a shaft, B, .upon which shaft are :fitted loosely a series of wheels, (represented by B', B2, B3, Bt, and B5, respectively.) These wheels are entirely independent of one another, and each is provided on one side with a ratchet, C. Each has also a spring, D, the tendency of which is to rotate it in one direction. E is the key-board, generally composed of the keys E, E2, E3, E", and E, respectively. These keys have shanks e, pivoted at c', and the inner ends of the shanks are each connected with a pivoted double or escapement pawl F, engaging the ratchets C of the wheels. There is one key and one escapement-pawl for each wheel, the key E being connected with the wheel B, and so on.

Gr is a casing iitting over all the wheels and having apertures g in its top, through which a small sectionof the periphery of each wheel may be seen. l

H are stops at the back of the bed A, with which small pins h on the sides of the various wheels are adapted to come in contact to limit the complete rotation of each wheel and to of one tooth of its ratchet before being caught by the escapement-pawl. The other wheels are operated in like manner by the other keys. By reversing the direction of the rotation of the Wheels to bring them back to an initial point their springs are wound up fora fresh operation.

The peripheries of the wheels have upon them numbers, which are arranged as follows: Upon the wheel B' we place the unit and multiples thereof-for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 85e. Upon the wheel Bz are placed figure 2`and its multiples-thus, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, &c.; upon wheel B, the figure 3 and its multiples-thus, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 1S, &e.; on B" the figure 4t and its multiples-thus, 4, 8, 12, 1G, 20, 24, dre., and on B5 the gure 5 and its multiples-thus, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, &e.that 1s to say,.each wheel carries a different digit and the multiples of said digit.

The object in view is, as we have said, to reduce a long column of iigures to a short one. The operation by which we attain this object is best explained by an example. Given the following column of figures to add:

IOO

All the Wheels are first turned back to the initial point at zero. For the 7 We press simultaneously the keys E5 and E2. This will cause the Wheel Bi to exhibit a 5 and the wheel B to exhibit a 2. For the 5 key is pressed, thus causing the wheel Bf to exhibit a l0,\vhieh is the present 5 added to the 5 previously exhibited. For the 2 key E2 is p1'esse(l,xvliereby the Wheel B2 now exhibits a 4i, being` the sum of the present 2 with the 2 previously exhibited. For the l the key Eis pressed, causing the Wheel Bto exhibit a l. For the 9 we press simultaneously the keys E* and E5, whereby the wheel Bf exhibits 15, while the wheel Bl exhibits a 4. For the 1 the key E is again pressed, thus eausingits wheel to exhibit a 2. For the S the keys El and E are pressed simultaneously, thus causing the wheel. l2 to exhibit a 2() and the wheel B to exhibit a 3, and so on throughout the column, until as a result We will observe through the apertures of the easing the gures 50 on the wheel B5, 12 on the wheel B", 12 on the wheel B, 8 on the wheel 132, and 5 on the wheel B. It will thus be seen that a long` column of iigures has been reduced to a short one of 5,which may be readily summed up. lf, now, a second column or row of ligure-s has to be added, all the wheels are turned back to their initial point at zero, and the amount which is to be carried over from the previous addition is first taken, and then the column is run up, as previously described.

'We are aware of a caleulatingimaehine in which independent wheels are operated, each of its own mechanism, and we do not therefore claim such, broadly, but confine ourselves to the construction of our maehinc,whieh is sinr ple and ell'eetive and enables us to place a praetieal and rapid machine upon the market at a small cost.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim as new, and desire to seeure by Letters Patent, is-

In an adding-machine, the series of wheels, each Wheel having` upon its periphery a different digit and multiples ofsaid digit,the springs D, by which each wheel is turned in one direetion, and the ratchet G on caeh wheel, in com bination with the series of keys, one for each wheel, said keys having pivoted Shanks e, and the independent double or eseapement pawls F, eaeh attached to a keyshank and operated thereby,and each engaging a ratchet ol'a wheel, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof wehavehereunto set our hands.

BRAINARD F. Sill lll'l. Alt' HUH lil. SHA'JTTUCK.

Witnesses to Smith:

Ennemis S. IIoUGilrrox, A. S. Corin. -Witnesses to Shattuck:

Janus L. Kino, S. H. NoUnsr.. 

